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As elsewhere, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to tragic loss of life and triggered a major economic downturn in Indonesia. The authorities have responded with a bold and comprehensive policy package that has successfully maintained economic and financial stability. With the recovery underway, they have begun to withdraw the exceptional support measures. Nevertheless, the pandemic has caused scarring and reinforced the need to tackle longstanding structural challenges.
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Selected Issues.
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This report was prepared on the basis of the framework for collaboration established by the International Energy Agency (IEA) and the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources (MEMR) of Indonesia on the topic of power system enhancement and renewable energy integration, and in support of the implementation of the upcoming Presidential Decree on renewable energy. It is part of the assistance provided by the IEA towards Indonesia's efforts to reform its energy sector and is consistent with IEA's forthcoming Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia. The overarching objective of the assignment was to assist Indonesia in tackling short-term power system challenges, by achieving key targets such as reaching a 23% share of renewable energy in the national electricity mix by 2025 in a secure and affordable fashion, and by making grids progressively smarter. The assignment included the organisation of a number of workshops for Indonesian stakeholders and a techno-economic study performed by the IEA. It benefited from the support of the state-owned utility Perusahaan Listrik Negara (PLN). This public report summarises the information gathered from the workshops and presents the results of the study in a set of recommendations for Indonesia.
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Indonesia is the world's fourth-most populous country and is set to become the world's fourth-largest economy by mid-century. The choices that Indonesia makes now and in the decades to come will have a significant bearing on the world's energy markets and on international efforts to reach collective climate goals. Indonesia, a member of the IEA family since 2015, has committed to reach net zero emissions by 2060 or before - an ambitious task given the country's growth objectives and status as a globally important consumer and producer of coal. However, with a transition to net zero offering extensive and varied economic opportunities, Indonesia is beginning to put in place the policies and frameworks that can help reach this target while moving towards advanced economy status. To assist in this critical task, the IEA - at the request of the Government of Indonesia and to coincide with Indonesia's Presidency of the G20 - has developed a comprehensive roadmap to net zero by 2060 for the country, which charts a path for the country's energy transition over the coming decades. The analysis in the Energy Sector Roadmap to Net Zero Emissions in Indonesia spans key areas such as peopleâcentred transitions, the phasing down of coal use, investment and financing needs, and critical minerals. It also sets out a high-ambition pathway in which Indonesia reaches net zero by 2050. The project has been conducted in close collaboration with the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia.
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"De dekolonisatie van Indonesië was bijzonder gewelddadig. Wat vroeger wat besmuikt en eufemistisch de 'politionele acties' werden genoemd heet tegenwoordig terecht een dekolonisatieoorlog, passend in het rijtje van Vietnam tot Algerije. Het was een oorlog waarbij voor iedere gesneuvelde Nederlandse militair een veelvoud aan Indonesiërs omkwam: guerrilla's, burgers en iedereen daartussenin. Voor het begrijpen van de Nederlandse gewelddadigheid is een focus op politiek, strategie en door bestuur en leger begane wandaden - hoe wijdverbreid ook - onvoldoende. 'Zoeken, aangrijpen en vernietigen!' richt de aandacht daarom op het Nederlandse militaire optreden zelf. Voor de Nederlandse strijdkrachten was deze guerrillaoorlog niet alleen praktisch, maar ook conceptueel ingewikkeld. De aard, omvang en reikwijdte van de Indonesische opstand was ongeëvenaard en voldeed niet aan koloniale en militaire verwachtingen. Steeds wisselend tussen de strijd en de situatie 'te velde' enerzijds en de opleiding van nieuwe militairen en de institutionalisering van 'geleerde lessen' anderzijds, laat Harinck zien hoe de Nederlandse strijdkrachten het tactisch militair optreden begrepen en vormgaven en hoe dit de archipel onderdompelde in een poel van dood en verderf." --
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"'Construction in Indonesia' presents an in-depth analysis of the construction sector and suggests pathways to further improve the performance and efficiency of the industry. This is a valuable resource for policy makers in government, industry and other stakeholders to obtain a succinct view of the sector in the archipelago"--
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